254 





Glass . 
Book_ 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT 



8 



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ble 



A SYNOPSIS 



OF 



ROANOKE 



AND HER 



Wonderful Prosperity. 

WRITTEN AND COMPILED BY F. P. SMITH. 



PUBLISHED BY 

W. M. YAGER & CO., Real Estate Brokers, 

ROANOKE, VA. 




W. M. YAGER. 



2 4 



n-11^ 

5^7 



THE NEW SOUTH. 

''There are domes of white floiuers 

where swelled the zvhite tent, 
There are plozvs i7i the track 

luhere the war-ruagons went, 
There are songs 

7uhere they lifted up RacheV s lament."' 

— Taylor. 



" t}0 SOUTH, YOUNG MAN.'' 

When the Hon. Chatincey M. Depew spoke these words, he 
did so with an inspiration that — 

" Dipt into the future far as human eye could see ; 
Saw the vision of the world, and all the wonders that 
would be." 

Life is a struggle, and where opportunities are few, only 
those whom nature has best endowed win the prize, unless 
accident, or wealth and influence combine, as is frequently the 
case, to defeat merit and talent. The South offers untold — un- 
thought of opportunities to the young and ambitious mind, and 
so abundant, that neither wealth nor influence dare obstruct 
the way to the enlaureled crown of success. An honest heart 
and intelligent mind, led on by a determination, will bring to 
the persevering in a few years, influence and a position among 
the successful men of the country, receiving the just recogni- 
tion due him. The South of to-day is not the South of a quar- 
ter of a century ago, conservative and provincial, retiring 
within herself, wrapped in her toga of time-honored customs 
and institutions, but stands to-day a new land, progressive and 
cosmopolitan. She opens wide her doors and welcomes her 
Northern brethren and points with pride to the vastness of her 
minerals, sleeping in her valleys or glistening on her mountain 
tops, and says : Help me to gather these gems and I will make 
thee rich and thou shalt dwell with me forever, for "the war- 
drum throbs no longer, and the battle flags are furled." Her 
energies were weakened by the curse of slavery, but to-day she 
points with a just pride to a dark monument adown the years, 
built of four millions of fetters that fell from her fair form, and 
which marks the beginning of her development that has known 
no retrogression, and which is sure to place her among the 
greatest countries of the world, there, by the wealth of her in- 
exhaustible resources to maintain her position whilst "the 
great world spins forever down the ringing grooves of change. " 



ROANOKE. 

To those unacquainted with the marvelous development of 
Roanoke, the following statements may bear the impress of 
exaggeration, for her remarkable growth is startling as fiction. 
We have tried to avoid any semblance towards over-estimation 
or untruthfulness, and state but simple facts. 

SITUATION. 

Roanoke, situated in Southwest Virginia, and geographic- 
ally, in the gateway to the Southwest — nestles in a lovely valley, 
surrounded by the majestic Blue Ridge and Allegheny moun- 
tains, in sight of the Peaks of Otter, all clad in their primeval 
forests, the beauty of whose summer verdure and autumnal 
foli-age is unsurpassed. 

NAME. 

Roanoke is a contraction of the Indian word " Raw-re- 
noke," meaning "precious money," or sea shells, which were 
used by them as representative of value. ' 

POPULATION 

Roanoke was known as " Big Lick," because of the deer 
that formerly visited its salt marshes. In 1874 it was incorpor- 
ated as a town ; in 1882 it had a population of 400— the same year 
the Legislature changed its name to Roanoke ; in 1884 it was 
incorporated as a city, and in 1891 it has a population of 22,000, 
or more, a gain of more than 5,000 per cent. In the last three 
years there has been a gain of at least 13,500. The city has 
absorbed this great increase and given all an occupation. Busi- 
ness increases proportionately with her population. 



6 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

CLIMATE. 

Roanoke, situated at an elevation of 907 feet above the 
ocean, midway between the rigors of northern winters and the 
enervating heat of the far south, possesses a most equitable, mild 
and salubrious climate, conducive to the best enjo3^ment of life. 
The following is a list of the most celebrated winter resorts of 
southern Europe, with their average temperature compared 
with that of Roanoke : 





vSpring, 


vSummer. 


Fall. 


Winter. 


Average. 


Vienna, 


56.2 


71.8 


54-6 


38.7 


55-3 


Turin, 


53-7 


75-1 


53-8 


33-5 


53-1 


Geneva, 


52.2 


70.3 


54-2 


34-0 


52.07 


Milan, 


54-9 


72.8 


55-9 


36.1 


54.9 


Roanoke, 


56.0 ' 


76.0 


61.0 


41.0 


58.0 






HEALTH. 







lyocated as Roanoke is, almost entirely on rolling upland, 
with its elevation and pure mountain air, it must necessarily be 
a most healthful city. A very small portion of the city is low, 
and this is being thoroughly drained and filled. There is not a 
section of the city but has good drainage. The pure mountain 
air is rich with ozone (oxygen in great activity) is invigorating 
and bracing, which, in a great measure, is responsible for the 
wonderful energy the people of Roanoke possess. 

SEWERAGE. 



Sewers are being constantly laid, and before the close of 1891 
Roanoke will have one of the most complete systems of sewer- 
age of any southern city, as she will spend |ioo,ooo in this 
work during the year. 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 7 

WATER 

The water supply comes from a " lost " mountain river that 
bubbles from the base of Mill Mountain, crystal, pure and "ice- 
cold," is conveyed to the city — a distance of two miles, passing 
under the bed of Roanoke river. It has a gravity force enough 
to carry it to distant parts of the city, with a capacity of more 
than 6,000,000 gallons daily. The pressure is increased by two 
immense force pumps. The facilities are unsurpassed and sel- 
dom equaled in cities the size of Roanoke. Allowing ten 
gallons per day to each individual, there is a supply sufficient 
for a population of 600,000. 

FIRE. 

Roanoke has a large corps of well-drilled firemen, of whose 
promptness, bravery and efficiency the city is justly proud. 
There were forty-four fires during the past year with a loss of 
only 17,885. 

Chief Engineer, James G. Knepp ; First Assistant Bngineer, 
Owen Duggan ; Second Assistant Kngineer, J. T. Bngleby. 

POLICE. 

ROANOKK'S police force, decked out in their handsome uni- 
forms, speaks well for the city's enterprise. Owing to the city's 
rapid growth, the force will, doubtless, be doubled during the 
year. 

LIGHTS 

Roanoke is lighted by gas, and arc and incandescent electric 
lights. She will spend $15,000 in 189 1 for additional electric 
plant. 



8 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

STREET CAR. 

Roanoke has fourteen miles of street railway — now operated 
by steam and horses. That portion within the city limits and 
extending to Vinton, will soon be operated by electricity. She 
is connected with Salem, seven miles, by steam dummy line. 

WATER POWER. 

The Roanoke river affords first-class power for manufacturing 
purposes, and delightful sport to those who seek her finny 
tribes, as her waters abound with mountain trout. 

REAL ESTATE EXCHANGE. 

RoANOKK has a first-class real estate exchange, where all 
real estate transactions are reported and recoi-ded. Its members 
are wide-awake and " brainy ' ' men who have Roanoke's w^elfare 
at heart and spare neither money nor energ}^ to add to her already 
marvelous growth. The officers are : President, J. R. Hockaday ; 
Vice-President, J. K. Dupuy ; Secretary and Treasurer, L. W. 
Terrill. 

PROFITS I\ REAL ESTATE, 

There has not been a single failure 'in real estate investments 
in Roanoke — unparalleled in the history of the world. There 
has been a steady growth for eight 3ears, with periods of marked 
activity. Large fortunes have been made and are still growing. 
There is no safer or more remunerative investment. 

" Roanoke's real estate transactions for the year just gone by 
have been phenomenal, and perhaps no other city in the Union 
can show such a record as Roanoke in proportion to its size 
and population. Roanoke's real estate transactions for 1890 
amounted to $17,666,069 from five thousand one hundred and 
three deeds, while those of Chattanooga, Tennessee, as pub 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. g 

lished in the Chattanooga papers, amounted to something over 
$5,000,000 from less than two thousand deeds, and that city is 
the center of fifty thousand population while Roanoke has only 
about twenty-two thousand. 

The statement below, showing the transactions for each 
month, does not include the transfer of the Shenandoah Valley 
railroad to the Norfolk and Western Railroad Company, in 
which the consideration was $7,100,000 : 

No. 
Deeds. Av. value. Total. 

January 200 «2,020 § 404,000 

February 8.S5 2,485 956,745 

March 490 2,362 1,157,380 

April 402 2,800 1,122,600 

May 323 3,000 969,690 

June : 388 3,486 1,552,568 

July 387 2,956 1,134,481 

August 353 2,914 927,644 

September 594 5,100 3,029,400 

October.. 757 4,160 3,122,260 

November 648 4 500 2,916,000 

December 377 4,128 1,566,371 

Total 5,103 §41,936 «il5,666,069 

Roanoke Times, January 22, 1S91." 

The average monthly transfers of real estate in Roanoke for 
the year 1890 amounted to $1,472,172.50. 

CHURCHES. 

The following is a list of the churches in Roanoke, showing 
the value and membership of each : 

Value. Membership. 

M. E. South, Greene Memorial $40,000 1,000 

Methodist Episcopal 3,000 70 

Presbyterian... 35,000 600 

Christian! 7,000 100 

First Baptist re-building 400 



lo A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

Value. Membership. 

Lutheran, St. Marks re-buildiug 275 

Lutheran Chapel 2,000 125 

Episcopal, St. John's 30.000 350 

Catholic, St. Andrew's 150,000 1,000 

Presbyterian, Chapel 2,500 250 

A. M. E. South .'*?10,000 ^ — 

A. M. E 10,000 100 

A. High St. Baptist 15,000 2.53 

African First Baptist • 8,000 4(»0 



PHYSICIANS. 

The following is a list of the physicians who have cast their 
lot in Roanoke. We refer to these gentlemen without their per- 
mission. They all have excellent reputation for skillful treat- 
ment of diseases : Drs. J. A. Gale, A. Z. Koiner, H. E. Jones, 
H. W. Harrison, I^. Buckner, J. L. Stone, L. B. Firey, F. C. 
Tice, G. B. Vogel, C. G. Cannaday, W. W. S. Butler, R. W. Fry, 
H. St. John, J. Kinney, Iv. G. Pedigo, H. A. Sims, B. D. Dow- 
ney, J. S. Haile, J. D. Kirk, G. S. Luck, J. B. Moorman, Mrs. 
Washington (homoepathic) and A. O. Pitcher (homcepathic). 
Of these we particularly refer to Dr. Kinney, who is earning a 
fine reputation in the treatment of the eye, ear and throat and 
especially in catarrhal trouble. His method is by electricity. 
He has made some remarkable cures. 



YOUNG ME]^^S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION 

Roanoke has a flourishing branch of the Young Men's 
Christian Association. The membership, during the last three 
months, has increased one hundred and tw^enty-one. Official 
reports show a larger attendance at religious services than in 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. ii 

ninety per cent, of similar associations of the United States. 
The Association will erect a handsome building in 1891, costing 
^50,000 ; the lot is worth |5o,ooo. The building will contain 
all of the latest and most perfect arrangements, such as Bath- 
rooms, Gymnasium, Auditorium, etc. Membership fee $3 ; to 
be increased to I5 when in their new building. 



SCHOOLS. 

Roanoke's school system is very fine, offering the best op- 
portunities of education to the young. Her three public schools, 
with an enrollment of 1,100 pupils, are conducted according to 
the most improved methods of instriiction, with a ver}^ efficient 
corps of teachers. Teachers of First Ward are : Prof. J. P. 
Mauzy, Principal ; assisted by the Misses Stone, Hockaday, 
Smith, ProfEitt, Thomas, Brown, Trent and Mrs. Knox. Third 
Ward : Prof. S. R. Beckham, Principal ; Assistants, Misses Board, 
Mitchell and Berlin. Fourth Ward : Miss Eckloff, Principal ; 
Assistants, Misses Vaiden, Graves, Hunt and Clare, The Alle- 
ghany Institute, for males, situated in the northern section of 
the city, is an imposing brick structure containing eighty-five 
rooms, and, beyond doubt, the leading educational institution in 
Southwest Virginia. Mrs. P. I^. Gilmer's School for Young 
I/adies has been long identified with Roanoke's educational 
progress and has an excellent reputation. There is an enroll- 
ment of about one hundred students, with an efficient corps of 
six assistant teachers. Within seven miles of Roanoke, in a 
picturesque valley, is the Hollins Institute for young ladies, 
founded long before the civil war, and is one of the best semi- 
naries in the South. The Catholic Parochial School, a fine 
institution, has an enrollment of seventy -five pupils, of which 
the Misses Byrnes have control. The colored schools enroll 
about four hundred pupils. 



12 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

RIILROADS AND RAILROAD FACILITIES. 

RoANOKK is already a railroad center. The Norfolk and 
Western, connecting Norfolk, Va., and Bristol, Tenn., and its 
branches ramifying throughout the mineral regions of the State, 
West Virginia, Ohio, North Carolina and Kentucky, is already 
a trunk line. The Shenandoah Valley road from Hagerstown, 
Md., brings the wealth of that fertile valley to the feet of 
Roanoke The Roanoke Southern — about half completed, 
reaching Roanoke before the close of ninety-one — from Wins- 
ton, N, C, and making direct connection with Atlanta, will 
prove the entrance to an enormous wholesale trade throughout 
the South. The Chesapeake and Ohio, from Clifton Forge, and 
the Baltimore and Ohio, now within forty-five miles of Roan- 
oke — both of which must come to Roanoke — when completed 
will give Roanoke as cheap rates and superior transportation 
facilities as are rarely enjoyed. The Norfolk and Western rail- 
road, with Vice-President Chas. G. Eddy at the helm, has been a 
powerful factor in the development of Roanoke, and to him 
great credit is due for the influence he has exerted in her behalf. 
The S. v., or *' Shenandoah " Valley road, bears an Indian name 
meaning the " Bright, lyaughing Daughter of the Skies." 

COMMON LABOR. 

Common laborers receive from $i.oo to $1.25 per day. 

SKILLED LABOR. 

There is a great demand for sober and skillful workmen. 
Skilled laborers receive per day as follows : 

Machinists $2.50 to |6.oo 

Carpenters 1.50 to 3.00 

Bricklayers 2.50 to 4.00 

Stonemasons 2.50 to 4.00 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. ij 

TRADE AREA. 

Trade area extends to North Carolina, West Virginia, Ten- 
nessee, and the entire surrounding country, embracing sixteen 
of the wealthiest, most productive and most rapidly developing 
counties in Virginia. 

MANUFACTURES ESTABLISHED. 

The index to Roanoke's solid growth and future prosperity 
is her extensive and diversified industries, of which the follow- 
ing is a list of the most important : 

Capital. 

Roanoke Machine Works §5,000,000 

Roanoke Iron ComiDany (2.0-ton furnace, muck bar mill 

and plate mill) 500,000 

Crozer Steel and Iron Company 500,000 

Roanoke Gas and Water Company 250,000 

Roanoke Spike Factory 50,000 

Roanoke Brick Works 15,000 

Other Brick Yards 20,000 

Gambili Flouring Mill Company 50,000 

Roanoke Brewery 75,000 

Aniericaa Bridge Works 200,000 

Roanoke Rolling Mills 90,000 

Diamond Ice Company 55,000 

West End Brick and Tile Works 20,000 

Riffe's Hydraulic Flngine Works 50,000 

Roanoke Ice Company 35,(100 

Roanoke Milling Company 25,000 

Roanoke Canning and Preserving Coinpany 50,000 

Mattress Factory 10,000 

Bridgewater Carriage Company of Roanoke 50,000 

Roanoke Electric Light Company 50,000 

P. L. Terry Milling Company 75,003 

Adams Bros. & Payne Brick Company 25,000 

Roanoke Manufacturing Company 25,000 

Two Tobacco Factories.. 50,000 

Four Planing Mills 75,000 

Two Cigar l-actories 5,000 

Paper Bag Factory 100,000 

Sash, Blind and Door Factory 



/y A Synopsis of Roanoke. 



Capital. 

The Bell Printing & Manufacturing Co., (value of plant) 25,000 

Hammond Printing Company 

Elevator 100,000 

Fishburne Bros. Flouring Mill 25,000 

Roanoke Black Marble Company 500,000 

This list does not represent the small manufactures. 



LAND IMPROVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMPANIES. 



Virginia Development Company .'9^5,000,000 

Jeannette Land Company 135,000 

West Roanoke Land Company 100,000 

North Side Land Company 30,000 

Hyde Park Land Company 80,000 

Melrose Land Company 75,000 

Belmont Land Company, authorized capital stock 90,000 

Oak Ridge Land Company 50,000 

River View Land Company 75,000 

Roanoke Land and Improvement Company 400,000 

Crystal Sprinjjs Land Company 400,000 

West End Land Company 50,000 

ureston Land Company 75,000 

Central Park Land ('ompany 40,(XK) 

Ingleside Land Company 20,000 

The Virginia Land Company ,. 250,000 

Midway Land Company 30,000 

Inter-Urban Land Company , 500,000 

Mountain View Land Company 35,000 

Elmwood Land Company 100,000 

Magic City Land Company 35,000 

Bennet Springs Land Company, authorized capital stock 25,000 

Craig Land Company, authorized capital stock 100,000 

Central Investment Companj% authorized capital stock 20,000 

Creston Land Company, authorized capital stock 1,000,000 

Clyde Land Company, authorized capital stock 10,000 

Eureka Land Company, authorized capital stock 500,0(X) 

Fairview Land Company, authorized capital stock 50,000 

Glade Land Company, authorized capital stock 50,000 

Glen Falls Land Company, authorized capital stock 35,000 

Linwood Land Company, authorized capital stock 80,000 

The Guarantee Title and Investment Company 200,000 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 15 

Piedmoni Land and Manufacturing Companj' 500,000 

Roanoke Developing Company 1.100,0(X) 

With fully ^3,000,000 pledged for improvements. 

BUILDING} ASSOCIATIONS. 

Iron Belt Building Association, authorized capital stock .*2.j,(M)0,000 

Exchange Building Association 100,000 

Roanoke Buiiding Association and Investment Company -100,000 

Roanoke Building Company 20,000 

Home Building and Conveyance Company 200,000 

Old Dominion Building Association, authorized capital.. .... 20,000,000 

Home Loan and Building Association 300,000 

Merchants' and Mechanics' Building Association 150,000 

The Perpetual Building Association 250,000 

INDUSTRIES TN PROSPECT. 

Although not completed, the following industries are as- 
sured to Roanoke : 

Norfolk and Western Railroad Shops, for the exclusive 
manufacture of passenger -coaches ; New Electric Light Plant, 
to co.st $15,000 ; Roanoke and Southern Railroad ; Plate 
Mill ; Woolen Mill ; Duvall Engine Works, capital 
stock |6o,ooo; Wrought Iron Pipe Works, $30,000; Clearing 
House ; Glass Works, $20,000 ; Bridgewater Carriage Works in- 
crease their capital to $75,000, and will remove to the Roanoke 
Development Company's lands. 

TAXATION. 

Rate on :lrlOO,State tax, 4 mills % 40 

Piite on #100, City tax 1 10 

Rate on :$100, School tax 15 



Rate on $100, total SI 05 

The taxation is as low, if not lower than in any other city in 
the United States. 



1 6 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

FINANCIAL CONDITION. 

Assessed value of real estate $6,750,884 00 

Assessed value of personal estates 1.715,6^12 (X) 

Total assessment S^8, 466,526 00 

Bonded debt % 156,000 00 

Total debt 185,785 00 

Annual gross receipts from direct taxition 139,697 68 

Annual receipts from licenses 24,661 32 

Annual receipts from other sources „ 7,586 00 

Increase in value of real estate in five years 5,269,251 00 

The bonded debt b}^ law cannot exceed 15 per cent, of tax- 
able property of the city. 1*he bonds mature thirty 3^ears from 
their date, with interest at 6 per cent. 

POST-OFFICE. 

Increase of receipts : 

Postal receipts fromDecertiber 1, 1885, to JuneoO 1886 % 5,171 18 

Postal receipts from July 1, 1886, to June 30, 1887 9,636 41 

Postal receipts from July 1, 1887, to June 30, 1888... 12,933 93 

Increase from 1887 to 1888 .3,097 52 

Postal receipts from July 1, 1888, to June 80, 1889 \ 17,448 86 

Increase from 1888 to 1889 4,714 93 

Postal receipts from July 1, 1889, to June 30, 1890 24.090 41 

Increase from 1889 to 1890 6,641 55 

Postal receipts from July 1, 1890, to December 31, 1890 (six 

months) 17,495 84 

In this ratio the receipts of the fiscal year ending June 30, 

1891, will be 34,991 68 

Increase (probable) from 1890 to 1891 10,901 27 

A. S. ASBERRY, James M. O'Brien, 

Postmaster. Assistant Postmaster. 



PUBLIC BUILDING. 

Congressman Edmunds has been earnestly urging" the Gov- 
ernment to give Roanoke a public building, and at the present 
time indications point to the near future when her hope will be 
realized. 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. // 

BUILDINGS OF 1891. 

The year 1891 will exceed all others in the erection of fine 
public buildings and dwellings. There is no. better indication 
of a city's prosperity than her building industry. The follow- 
ing list will show those assured, and some, if not already com- 
menced, are under contract : 

Terry building (for offices)..* 9(),U0() Baptist Cliurch % 18,000 

Hospital. 50,000 Baptist Church 15,000 

New Opera House 100,000 Lutheran Church 40,000 

New N. & W. Pass. Station. 150,000 Catholic Church (50,000 

New N. ct W. office build- Rolling Mill, West End 

ing (addition) 220,000 largest in the South 

Y.M.C. A. building 50,000 Glass Factorj^ 20,000 

Jail (improvement) 10,000 Catholic Orphan Asylum... 80,000 

M. E. Church, South 40,000 Roanoke Southern Pass- 

M. E. Church, South 10,000 enger Depot (estimated)... 100,000 

Duvall Engine Works 80,000 Roanoke Southern Freight 

Cold Storage Depot (estimated) 2.5,000 

Episcopal Church 8:!,000 

The Presbyterian and Methodist Churches expect to erect a 
first-class college, each, on ground donated for that purpose. 
At least from i,ooo to 1,500 residences will be erected during 
the year. These figures are not exaggerated. There is no 
''boom" in Roanoke, and never has been. Her growth is 
healthy, steady and continuous, predicated upon her mag- 
nificent advantages. 

BANKS. 

Roanoke; is proud of her banking institutions. Even when 
passing through the late stringency in the money market, these 
institutions had more money on deposit than at any previous 
time. 

The wonderful increase in the banking business during 1890 
has been the subject of much comment by many papers 
throughout the country, notably by the Journal of Finance 
of Baltimore, and by Philadelphia and Washington papers. 



1 8 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

We submit a statement of their condition during the year 
1891 : 

FIRST NATIONAL. 

President, H. S. Trout; Vice President, P. L. Terry; 
Cashier, J. W. Shields, Jr. ; Assistant Cashier, J. T. Meadows ; 
Teller, F. H. Loving. 

Transactions for 1890 in loans exceeded §3,000,000 00 

Volume of business ....• 1,092,949 S3 

Volume of business, increase over 1S89 347,593 28 

Surplus fund aggregates 75.000 00 

Surplus fund, increase over 1889 25,000 00 

Loans and discounts 674,770 81 

Loans and discounts, increase over 1889 1(10,444 83 

Undivided profits 10,000 00 

Deposits 785,522 19 

Deposits, increase over 1889 515,056 81 

Capital 100,000 00 

This bank has never lost a dollar. 

NATlONAIy EXCHANGE. 

President, T. T. Fishburne; Vice President, J. T. Engleb}^ ; 
Cashier, J. B. Fishburne ; Teller, B. Rust. 

Volume of business $356,071 01 

Volume of business, increase over 1889 65,293 87 

Paid dividends during 1890 5,000 00 

Loans and discounts 232,021 25 

Loans and discounts, increase over 1889 41,076 15 

Surplus 10,000 00 

Undivided profits 1,000 00 

Deposits 217,013 82 

Deposits, increase over 1889 55,556 39 

Capital 100,000 00 

This bank has never lost a dollar. 

COMMERCIAIv NATIONAL. 

President, J. W. Coon ; Vice President, C. O'Leary ; Cashier, 
J. C. Davenport ; Teller, W. F. Penn. 

Volume of business ^41,304 71 

Volume of business, increase over 1889.... 195,484 71 

Loans and discounts 316,461 00 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. ig 

Loans and discounts, increase over 1889 lol,971 15 

Surplus 20,000 00 

Surplus, increase over 1889 10,000 00 

Undivided profits 7,052 00 

Undivided profits, increase over 1880 6,-tOO 00 

Deposits 260,000 00 

Deposits, increase over 1889 160,000 00 

Capital 100,000 00 

This bank has never lost a dollar. 

CITIZENS' BANK. 

President, J. B. Levy ; Vice President, W. M. Yager ; 
Cashier, H. M. Dickinson, Teller, R. M. Kent. 

Volume of business H50,081 10 

Volume of business, increase over 1889 58.046 54 

Transactions 800,000 00 

Loans and discounts 113,589 00 

Loans and discounts, increase over 1889 35,609 45 

Surplus 4,000 00 

Undivided profits 8,500 00 

Undivided profits, Increase over 1889 5,500 00 

Deposits 75,000 00 

Deposits, increase over 18S9 46,000 00 

Capital 40,000 00 

This bank has never lost a dollar. 

LOAN ASSOCIATIONS. 

Roanoke Trust, Loan and Safe Deposit Company S250,000 

Traders' Loan, Trust and Deposit Company 50.000 

Fidelity Loan and Trust Company 200,000 

State Savings bank 100,(J00 

WORKING CAPITAL. 

Amount invested in Roanoke is not less than |;2o,ooo,ooo. 

RENTS 

Cottages rent for |i2 to 1 15 per month. 
Mechanics houses rent for $15 to $20 per month. 
Best Residences rent for $25 to $100 per month. 
Stores rent for I35 to 1 150 per month. 



20 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

COST OF LIVING. 

ROANOKKis a center of trade for farm produce, with aradiv 
of forty miles. All farm products, whilst having a ready salt 
are disposed of at reasonable prices. The great number c 
stores, by close competition, keep prices to the minimun 
Coal and wood are cheap. 

COST OF HOMES. 

IvOts can be bought from $250 to $3,000. Comfortable six 
room houses can be erected for $650 to 1 1,000 ; better houses 
with all modern improvements, from $2,000 to $3,000. Lot 
and houses are sold on easy monthly payments. The diflferen 
building associations have helped hundreds of industrious met 
to make homes for themselves. 

BUILDING MATERIALS. 

Rough Lumber, per 1,000 feet . . $13.50 to $14.00 

Dressed Lumber, per 1,000 feet . . . 20.00 to 25.00 

Brick, per 1,000 • . . 8.00 to 10.00 

Stone, per yard 3.25 to 4.00 

Slate, per square 10.00 to 10.50 

Lime, per barrel i.oo to 1.25 

Plastering, per yard .19 to .25 

Portland Cement, per barrel .... 4-oo 

Doors 1-25 to 23.25 

Sash 37 to 6.52 

Blinds 50 to 5-oo 

Tinning, per square 4.50 to 7.00 

TIMBER. 

Roanoke has an almost unlimited supply of timber. The 
mountains on every hand are clad in their virgin forests of both 
decidious and coniferous trees. 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 21 

<'OST OF PIG IRON. 

To tnanufacture, best qualit}-, from 19 to |io per ton. 

COAL AND COKE. 

Coal costs for domestic pnrposes, by car load, fo.25 to $3.50 
per ton (two grades) ; for manufacturing purposes, per ton of 
2,240 lbs,, 1^2.85. Coke costs per ton of 2,000 lbs., for manufac- 
turing purpose.*^, ^3.50. 

MINERALS. 

Southwest Virginia is rich in minerals, which lie very near 
the surface, and are secured at such little cost that they are 
attracting capital not only from the Northern States, but from 
all over Europe, which is certain to place the Old Dominion first 
among her sister States where she rightfully belongs. Here 
are some of her minerals : Coal — Anthracite, Bituminous, Cok- 
ing, Gas, Domestic, Cannel and Splint ; Iron-ore — Magnetic, 
Hemetite, Limestone and Mountain ; Gossan, Copper, Mangan- 
ese, Lead, Zinc, Salt, Plaster, Barytes, Gold, Silver, Tin, Gyp- 
sum, Granite, Marble — Black, White, Variegated, etc. ; Asbes- 
tos, Kaolin, and others. 

TRUCK FARMING. 

Roanoke's vicinity presents splendid opportunities for ac- 
quiring a competency in truck farming. There is a ready and 
growing market for all products of the farm. The soil and cli- 
mate are especially adapted to the raising of vegetables and fruits 
of almost every variety. No better opportunities can be offered 
farmers of limited means. 



22 A Sy?topsis of Roanoke. 

COMMERCIAL CLUB. 

This club is composed of about eighty members, who have 
the best interests of the city at heart, and are a powerful ele- 
ment in the development of Roanoke, being chief among 
business men. 



GROWTH OF THE CITY. 

The development of Roanoke reads more like a Utopian 
myth than the truthful history that it is. In eight years she has 
increased five thousand per cent, in population. Her real estate 
vlaue has trebled itself; and since 1888 the monthly transfers 
of property have passed from 194,738.82 to 11,472,172.50, and 
yet property is not as high by one hundred per cent, as it is in 
Tacoma or Birmingham. Lots can be bought as low as $250, 
and in many cases by installments. 

INDUCEMENTS TO MANUFACTURERS. 

Roanoke has more than $8,000,000 invested in land compa- 
nies for the development of the city — by making improvements, 
encouraging manufacturers to locate, and erecting buildings, &c. 
The Roanoke Development Company has $1,000,000 to invest 
in manufactures. Any first-class, legitimate business can receive 
financial encouragement from them. Goods manufactured here 
are preferred by the Southern trade to the same class of goods 
manufactared in the North, because of the great saving of 
freight and the reduced cost to manufacture. The most rapidly 
growing trade of the United States is in the South and Southwest. 
Roanoke river presents first-class opportunities for water power. 
Coal is cheap ; iron is cheap and is manufactured in Roanoke ; 
timber is abundant and cheap, the elements necessary to the 
manufacturing interest. Transportation is low, and in direct 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 23 

communication with all parts of the country. The South is 
not overcrowded and will support a population four times as 
dense. In all probabilit}-, in the next decade, the emigration 
from the " Old World " wdll amount to eighteen or twenty mil- 
lions, and it is generally conceded that the greater part of this 
vast influx will settle in the South. 

GEINERAL ADVANTAGES. 

Roanoke is in the center of the finest coal, iron, timber 
and agricultural region of the world. These raw materials are 
in such close proximity to each other that they bring the cost 
of production to the minimum. The climate offers the best 
conditions for maintaining health and enjoying life. Iviving is 
cheap. Roanoke is in direct communication with the seaboard. 
There is a growing market for "home products," and a con- 
stantly increasing trade with adjoining States and cities ; she is a 
great railroad center and is in a day's ride of the great Eastern 
markets — ten hours to Washington, eleven hours to Baltimore, 
sixteen hours to Philadelphia, and twenty-four hours to New 
York. 

CLERKS OF THE N. & W. R. R OFFICES. 

There are 400 clerks in these offices. The officials of the N. 
& W. railroad, including Maryland and Washington division, 
(the S. V.) live in Roanoke. 

RAILROAD PASSENGER FARE. 

To Washington, D. C % 7.05 To Cincinnati, O $18 90 

" Knoxville, Tenn 9 20 " Wytlieville, va 2 80 

" Baltimore, Md 8 25 " Chicago, 111 17 50 

" Wilmington, Del 1030 " Pittsburg, Pa 13 55 

" Philadelphia, Penn 1105 " Elmira, N. Y 15 65 

" Richmond, Va 6 15 " Boston, Mass 19 30 



24 A Synopsis of- Roanoke. 

To New York, N. Y H3 55 To Bristol, Tenn 15 25 

Charleston, S. C 16 50 " Lynchburg, Va 185 

Norfolk, Va 8 C5 " Salem, Va 25 

Middlesboro, Ky. 12 50 " Harrisburg, Pa 10 55 

Atlanta, Ga 14 75 " Hagerstowu, Md 8 25 

Staunton, Va 8 70 

HOTELS. 

Roanoke has splendid hotel accommodations. " Hotel Roan- 
oke," of " Queen Anne " style, is beautifully located on a high 
eminence in the center of the city, and is one of the finest 
hotels in the South, or elsewhere. It has a capacity- of about 
300 guests. Fred. E. Foster, Manager. "Hotel Ponce de 
Leon," new, is beyond doubt one of the best equipped hotels 
in the country. C. G. Smith, owner and manager. The cuisine 
department is second to none. It accommodates 300 guests. 
"Hotel Felix" is another fine house, with a capacity of 200 
guests. It is one of the most popular houses in the city. W. 
H. Felix is owner and manager. " Hotel Continental " does a 
fine business and is located in the very center of the city. W. 
A. Hellman, proprietor. "The Palace Hotel," just east of the 
Continental, is one of the oldest and best-known inns of the 
citv. " Rorer Park " and several others are w^orthy of mention. 

UOAiNOKE HOSPITAL. 

This is purely a benevolent institution and so long as there 
is accommodation in the building no sick or injured applicant 
is refused admittance because of inability to pay, or because of 
difference of creed or color. Private apartments are furnished 
to patients who may desire to enter and pay for so doing. 
There are separate accommodations for white and colored 
patients. A full corps of trained nurses and most skilful phy- 
sicians will i)e maintained. 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 25 

NEWSPAPERS. 

Roanoke has three daihes, namely : Roanoke Herald, morn- 
ing, Jas. A, Pugh, editor — one of the best newspaper men of 
the South ; Roanoke' Times, morning, H. J. Brown, editor — a 
master in the business ; The Evening World, H. O. Nicholson 
and Dr. J. W. Davis, editors. These gentlemen publish i. 
paper that is daily growing in popularity. The Cosmocrat 
weekly, is an illustrated, humorous, twenty-page paper that doe; 
credit to the management. Waller P. HufF and Dick Burk 
Williams, proprietors. The Iron Belt is a sixteen-page monthl 
"industrial journal devoted to Southern commerce and mam 
facturing and the upbuilding of new towns in mining sections. 
This paper is the best of its kind south of Baltimore. J. ( 
Hill is the editor and J. T. Hall general manager. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Roanoke has a complete telephone system ; an opera hous< 
a first-class central engine house ; a " gentlemen's driving park 
and fair grounds ; narrow-gauge railroad, four miles long, ru 
ning to the Rorer iron mines ; phonograph company. 

SECRET ORGANIZATIONS. 

The secret organizations are well represented. Ancient Fi 
and Accepted Masonic organization, represented l^y the Scott 
Rite, Commanderies, Royal Arch Chapters and Blue Ivodg 
the latter being I^akeland Lodge No. 190 and Pleasants No. 
Their hall is on Campbell street S W. Odd Fellows Lodg 
Mountain Dale and Mt. Vernon ; Knights of Pythias : Osce 
Lodge No. 47 ; Red Men : Hiaw^atha Tribe No. 66 ; Indep 
dent Order of Good Templars ; Knights of Honor ; Knight 



26 A Synopds of Roanoke. 

the Golden Eagle ; Order of Chosen Knights : Knights of 
Labor ; Independent Order Junior Mechanics ; Brotherhood of 
Locomotive Engieeers, etc. 

CITY GOVERNMENT. 

Mayor, W. G. Evans ; treasurer, C. W. Thomas ; clerk and 
auditor, Geo. L. Bennett ; commissioner of revenue, C M. 
Turner ; commonwealth's attorney, Roy B. Smith ; clerk of 
20urt,S. S. Brooke ; city solicitor,Thos.W. Miller ; city sergeant, 
r. B. Traynham ; city physician. Dr. Lee Buckner ; city sur- 
veyor, W. M. Dunlap ; superintendent of market houee, A. J. 
Davis ; scavenger, Pryor Woodson ; janitor court house, Wm. 
^hillips; chief of police, M. C Morris. 

HUSTINGS COURT. 

Judge, Hon. William Gordon Robertson ; clerk, S. S. Brooke, 
erm commences the first Monday in each month except 
ugust. 

CIRCUIT COURT. 

Judge, Hon. Henry E. Blair; clerk, S. S. Brooke. Term 
mmences April 24th and November 7th. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

st Ward : H. S. Trout, E. R- Woodward, J. H. Skinker, W. 
Huff. 2nd Ward : R. A. Buckner, Jas. A. McConnell, Jos. 
Hanthorn, Geo. C. McCahan. 3rd Ward : M. P. Scott, John 
>han, J. C. Graves and D. M. Ruggles. 



A Synopsis of Roatioke. 2j 

JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 

1st Ward, Sam. G. Williams ; 2nd Ward, S. W. Howerton ; 
3rd Ward, Frank Ray ; Constable, F. E. Brawford. 

SCHOOL BOARD. 

R. U. Derr, superintendent ; G. L. Stevens, clerk of school 
board ; Chas. A. Pilsbury, chairman ; G. W. Ramsey. 

CITY'S CREDIT. 

The city's bonds have sold for 105, and since the selling of 
these 105^^ has been offered for the thirty years bonds. 

INDUSTRIES THAT WIIX PAY. 

Boot and shoe factor}', paper mill, tannery, stove foundry, 
shirt factory, cotton mills, woolen mills, knitting mills, cloth- 
ing factory, barrel factory, plow shops, hat factory, match 
factory, cotton yarn factory, saddle and harness factory, nail 
mill, tin-plate factory, &c. 

LIVERY. 

Roanoke has a splendid livery service, and excellent 
horses — the admiration of the stranger. Horses are boarded at 
reasonable rates and receive the best attention. 

POPULATION CLASSIFIED. 

"It has been determined by authorities on statistics that 
the total number of persons dependent upon one working man 
is four. For each voter there are allowed five other persons by 
staticians ; but the fact that so many 3'ouths under age are en- 
gaged in trades and occupations reduces the schedule to lour 



28 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 



people for each laborer. In Roanoke, owing to the rapid 
increase in population, which has outrun building operations, 
there is a large number of young men without families and of 
married men w^hose families live elsewhere, which thus reduces 
the schedule to 3 >< people to every working male. 

"Then, multipying 6.428 the total industrial population of 
Roanoke by 3'^, we have 22,500 as the total population of the 
city. The number of employes of mills and factories are given 
as if these were running at full capacity. 



The population is classified at follows 



Ministers 


14 


Lawyers 


4-^ 


Physicians etc 


35 


Newspapermen 


14 


Engineers and Arcliitects... 


7 


Total in profession 


112 


Merchants employed— ret'l 
1 249' wholesale H) 


1,29!) 


Dealers in drugs and medi- 
cines 


Eestaurantv'', saloons, etc 


1()0 



Total commercial men.. 1,455 

Carpenters 800 

Bricklayers. 150 

Painters lUO 

Printers 50 



Total members of trades 
outside of manufacto- 

tories, etc 600 

Force in general offices N. 

& W. R. R 400 

Yard men, track force, train 
men. etc 500 



Total railroad men 900 

Members real estate firms... 122 
Employes real estate Arms.. 183 



In Post Office 

In City Hall 

Municipal administration.. 

Total in public service... 
Roanoke Machine Works... 

American Bridge Works 

Roanoke Rolling Mills 

Crozer Iron Furnaces 

West End Iron Furnaces.... 
Bridge water Carriage W'ks. 

Tobacco Factories 

FlourMills 



15 
18 
18 



46 

1,600 

800 

a50 

250 

200 

40 

50 

50 



Total in mills and fact's 2,940 

Bankers and employes 40 

Livery Stable., 80 

Draymen 50 



Livery and drays ... 130 

Total adult male popu- 
lation as classified 6,428 



Total population on ra- 
tio of 314 22,500 

Roanoke Times, Jan. 22, 1891." 



Total real estate men. 



305 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 



29 



DISTAIVCE TABLE. 



M 



Augusta. '. 

Atlanta 

Boston 

Baltimore 

Bel Air, Md 

Bristol 

Birmingham 

Burke ville 

Charlotte. 

Charleston.. 

Chattanooga 

Chicago 

Cincinnati 

Danville .... 

Denver 

Farm ville 

H age rs town 

Harrisburg, Pa 

Havre de Grace, Md. 

Jacksonville 

Kansas City 

Liberty 



ILE.S. 

657 
581 
743 

*2()0 
281 
150 
530 
124 
872 
610 
400 

1,029 
644 
120 

l,7v^6 
10.S 
289 
813 
296 
856 

1,117 
28 



Lynchburg 

Luray 

Macon ... 

Montgomery 

Memphis 

Mobile 

Natural Bridge. .. 

New York.. 

New Orleans 

Norfolk 

Philadelphia 

Pittsburgh 

Petersbl)urg 

Richmond 

Staunton ,. 

Suffolk 

Savannah 

St. Louis 

Washington 

Wilmington, Del. 
Salem 



MriiKS. 
53 

153 
594 
629 
703 
709 
40 
446 
.. 1,1.58 
257 
356 
561 
176 
199 
108 
284 
789 
889 
219 
329 
6 



LAND OF OPHTR • 

Roanoke is the Land of Ophir to the merchant and trades- 
man, for about .$5,000,000 are paid to the laboring man year- 
ly — the class of men who deal the most liberally, and who are 
the strength of a growing city. The Norfolk and Western and 
Maryland and Washington division, (S. V.) road, alone, pays 
about |2, 500,000 to their employes per year, (the machine 
works pay out about a half million.) 



WHOLESALE TRADE. 

Roanoke's wholesale trade, per year, amounts to $1,500,000, 
and will reach $7,000,000 in live years more. There are splen- 



JO A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

did opportunities for men of experience and enterprise to make 
fortunes out of the wholesale trade. Roanoke has the -best 
openings in the South for drug stores, shoe houses, dry goods 
and notions, queensware, clothing, hats, etc. All wholesale 
merchants have made money, and one of the leading traders 
remarked : "Too much cannot be said in favor of the futures 
bright prospects. ' ' 

K. R. SPIKE MILL. 

Roanoke's R. R. Spike Mill commenced operation about the 
first of 1S91. It has a capacity of about 12 tons per day. The 
capital invested is |i5o, 000.00. Mr. W. Davis is manager, 

ROANOKE BLACK MARBLE. 

Roanoke has a company organized, with ^500,000 capital, 
to place this marble upon the market. It has stood tests that 
prove its superiority to the celebrated Belgium marble. It has 
resisted a pressure of one hundred thousand pounds, takes a 
cheaper and higher polish, known as the acid finish ; is freer 
from flaws, seams and spots than the above. The veins in 
many places lie at the surface of the ground. 

yiRGIlVIA'S R41VK 

In 1880 Virginia produced 17,906, and in 1890, 302,447 tons of 
iron, an increase of 284,541 tons for the ten years. In 1880 she 
ranked seventeenth in production, and in 1890, sixth in produc- 
tion, and fifth in actual increase. Her per cent, of increase was 
the largest of any in the United States, being over 1585 per 
cent., as against 150 per cent, for Pennsylvania. The demand 
for iron and steel is advancing with amazing rapidity. 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 31 

SOUTHERN TIMBER SUPPLY, 

The woodworking interest lias advanced in keeping with all 
other developments. There are 6,000 woodworking establish- 
ments ; southern sawmills have a yearly capacity of 45,000,000 
feet. The output of sawmills in 18S9 was valued at $89,560,000 ; 
planing mills 16,825,000, sash, door and blind factories 13,228,- 
000, and the value of naval stores was 18,265,000, a total of 
|io8, 178,000 against a production of $40,979,000 in 1880. 

HER CROWN OF IRON. 

A YEAR OF SOUTHERN PROGRESS. 

"■ Summing up the various points of growth and development, 
the total assessed value of property for 1890 is about $4,500,- 
000,000, a gain of $270,000,000 over 1889, and of $1,600,000,000 

over 1880. 

"The number of National Banks in the South is 590, 
with an aggregate capital of $90,763,705, an increase during the 
year of 104 banks and $10,935,000 in capital. Ten years ago 
the South had 220 National Banks, with a total capital of 
$45,408,985. According to the report of the United States 
Comptroller, the net earnings of all Southern National Banks 
for the twelve months ended November 30, 1890, were $10,- 
523,783, or an average of ii>^ per cent, on the total capital. 
Only two Southern National Banks failed during the year, and 
both of these failures were due to dishonesty in management, 
according to government reports. 

"During the year 2,499 miles of railroad were built in the 
South, against 2,296 miles in 1889. The gross earnings of all 
Southern railroads fox the first eleven months of 1890 were $100,- 
849,517, against $90,290,470 for the same time in 1889, an in- 
crease of $10,604,047. 

"The total value of foreign exports from all Southern ports 
for the first eleven months of 1890 was $268,293,000, an increase 

1,141,000 over the corresponding months of 1889, while of 



32 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 



the increase in the balance of the country was only 14,834,477 ; 
the increase at Southern ports being five times as great as the 
combined gains at all other United States ports. 

"The production of pig iron for the year foots up about 
1,960,000 tons, or a gain of 395,000 tons over 1888, and of more 
than 1,000,000 tons over 1887. 

"The total production of cotton during the last six years has 
been 52,000,000 bales, worth, including the value of the seed 
sold, about |2, 300, 000,000, or an average of nearly ^400,000,000 
a year. The consuLnptiDU of cotton by the Southern mills was 
546,478 bales last year, against 266,000 bales in 1889, a gain of 
over 100 per cent. 

"During the year 3,917 new manufacturing enterprises, 
covering every variety of industry from tack works to steel 
works, were organize I in the South, making a total during the 
last five years of over 17,000 new enterprises." — Manufacturers 
Record. 

THE SOUTH IN A NUTSHELL. 

The following valuable table, showing the advance of South- 
ern progress during the last ten years, is taken from "The 
Tradesman, " compiled by them from census reports and re- 
turns from officials in each Southern State, and a careful study 
of this will convince the most skeptical that the Southland is 
the coming country. 





1890. 


1880. 


cj a 

u 

a 0) 


Population- 
Totals. . 


17,556,920 00 

• 11.361,996 00 

6,194,924 00 

297,000 00 

378.019 00 


14,6.38,936 00 
9,007,187 00 
5,631,749 00 

Not known 

Not known 


20 

26 
10 


Whites 

Colored 

Northern immigrants, 10 
years 


Foreign immigrants, 10 
years 





A Synopsis of Roanoke. 



33 





18iK). 


1880. 


^* 


Northern born 


475,980 00 

680,428 00 

l,789,8li2 00 

8,844,057,164 00 

9,751,815,63') 00 

219 66 

545 10 


240,885 00 

420,871 00 

I,0ii9,.i26 00 

2,164.155,795 00 


95 


Foreign bom. 

Towns of 10,000 and u}) 

Assessed wealth 


51 
94 

78 


Actual wealth 

Assessed wealth per capita 
Actual wealth per capita. 


6,089,000,000 00 63 
147 88 48 
385 62 j 41 


Indebtedness — 
State debts, nel 


96,460,126 00 
2'i,.5JJ,479 01) 
(i6.S()0,748 00 
183,772,858 00 
10,868,682 00 


118,195,252 00 nS 


County debts, net 


24,111,154 00 ='"-15. 


Municipal debts, net 

Total 

Annual interest.. 


47,089,058 00 42 

189,345,464 00 * 3 

14,(H)0,884 m -29 


Taxation- 
State tax per*l,000 

Total taxation perfl,000... 
Total wtate revenues 


4 00 

13 80 

26,533,260 00 


1 
4 60 ' *13 
15 40 1 *10 
13,249,866 00 100 


Capital- 
Ban kins capital 


171,690,670 00 
2,;«9, 170,000 00 


92,575,000 00 86 


CaF'ital invested 


Not known 






Railroads- 
Mileage 

Men employed 


41,118 00 

188,731 00 

4,059 00 

8,124 00 

108,709 00 

765,968,221 00 

745 666,062 00 

l,801,19(i,740 00 

1,094 00 

4,200 00 

46.402 00 


j 

19,572 00 110 
86,250 00 ; 119 


Locomotives 


Cars, passenger 





Cars, freight 




Capital stock 




Bonded debt 




Cost of equipment 


612,000,000 00 111 


Street rai road mileage 

Other railroad mileage 




Total railroad mileage 


21,247 00 118 


Manufactures— 

ments 

Capital 

Employes 


56,714 00 

551,488,900 00 

587,086 00 

742,865,200 (K) 

20,150,000 00 

834 00 

1,811,791 00 

40,415 00 

545,250 00 

54,191,600 00 

1,058,200 00 

27,810,836 0*^ 


34,568 00 64 

179,366,280 00 207 

215,415 00 154 


Value of product 


315,924,794 00 


ia5 


Water power h p 




Cotton mills 

Spindles 


161 00 

542,048 00 

11,898 00 

180,971 00 

16,a56,lS2 00 

230,000 00 

7,690,921 00 


107 
234 


Looms 


238 


Bales cotton used 


201 


Value of products 


231 


Cotton seed, crushed 

Cotton seed products, 
value 


360 

267 


Minerals- 
Pig produced, tons 


1,684,663 00 

117 00 

188,625 00 

17,536,456 00 

26,307,674 00 

712,789 00 

85,608.615 00 


290,772 GO 


481 


Furnaces 




Steel produced, tons 

Coal produced, tons 

Value 


4,350 00 
3,820,550 00 


4,121 
333 


Precious metals, value 


226,176 00 : 
3,143.030 00 


318 
i,o:« 



34 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 





1890. 


1880. 

1 


1— ( p, . 


Lumber— ! 
Acres in forest . ' 


196,832,000 CO 
2.39,007,000 00 

47,655,2.50 00 
102,122,100 00 

123,998,800 00 




Pine slaiiding, 1,000 feet.... 




Sawing capacity of mills, 
feet daily 

Value of lumber output . 

Value of total forest pro- 
ducts 






35,685,151 00 
46,979,062 00 


183 
164 


Agriculture- 
Arable land acres 


898,180,000 00 
.51,273,148 00 

15,329,000 00 

2,126,000 00 

125,862,600 00 

75,511,429 00 
120,750,000 00 

15 82 

7,77.5,215 00 

340,268,605 00 

8,0!M.03(;,s;-;3 00 

390,981,550 00 

31,278,.524 00 

1.755,870 00 

21,069,440 00 

453,969,800 OO 

l,:i56,000 00 

516,000 00 

14,262,600 00 

8,438,960 00 

24,620,590 00 

994,707,000 00 

9,.540,357,9S2 00 

49,962,4.56 00 

555,905,138 00 
1,931,930,815 00 






Public laud. 




Lands redeemed during 
decside . 


i 


Farms 


1,-551,067 00 37 


Improved lands 




Crop lands 

Value of machinery 

Average montbly wages, 
farm labor 


56,679,145 03 : 38 
.67,272,.500 00 79 

18 85 14 


Cotton, bales 


4,733,675 00 36 


Value 

Value cotton for decade... 


2.56,524,911 00 ' 33 


Tobacco, pounds 




Value. 




Hay, tons 






Corn, bbls 




Sugar, bbls 

Molasses, bbls 




Potatoes, value 




Rice, value 






Fruit, value 

Total value of all farm 

products 

Total value of crops '80- '90 
No. live stock 


9,084,173 00 
611,679,145 00 


172 
61 


39,448,360 <.0 

860,016,883 00 

1,084,701.383 00 


27 


Value 


54 


Total value all products... 


88 


Education- 
Schools 


66,647 00 

74,055 00 

.5,891,101 00 

3,359,173 00 

2,118,109 00 

14,767,896 00 

' .56,181.370 00 
a,012,029 00 


44,260 00 

j 49,182 00 

4,423,620 00 

; 2,01S,()40 00 

1,391.743 00 

5,607,051 00 


50 


Teachers 


51 


Children of school age 

Pupils enrolled 

Attendances.. 

School revenues 

Amount for negro educa- 
tion since war 


34 

67 

57 

164 


Negroes at school 













"Decrease. 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 3$ 



BOULEVAKD OF PROGRESS. 

Roanoke has energy. 

Roanoke is "The Magic City." 

Roanoke has the confidence of the people ; no investor ever 
lost a dollar in her real estate. 

Roanoke has increased at the rate of five thousand per cent, 
in eight years. 

She pays out more money to the laborer than any other city 
in Southern Virginia. 

Her machine shops are among the finest in the country, and 
decidedly the largest in the South. 

About twenty million dollars are invested in industries. 

No worn out and unremunerative industry is accepted by 
her improvement companies. 

She has an inexhaustible supply of coal, iron and timber. 

She has the purest water in the State — a mountain spring. 

Her growth is solid, substantial and positive — her past proves 
this. 

She is an important railroad center. 

She is lighted by gas and electricity. 

She has fourteen miles of street railway. 

Her real estate has paid investors better than any other city 
because there have been no losses. 

She pays out $5,000,000 per annum to the working man. 

She has a magnificent climate. 

She has a splendid hospitality. 

She has a greater number of church-goers than any other 
Virginia city. 

Roanoke's Real Estate Transfers for 1890 amounted to 
117,666,069. 



j6 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

She has rapidly increasing wholesale and retail trade in 
four States. 

She is the center of a great nihieral region. 

She has the finest equipped and best managed hotels in the 
State. 

Roanoke has a hotel, built in 1890, that cost two hundred 
and fortN-five thousand dollars. 

She will be the largest inland city in the State. 

She has the smallest tax rate of any cit}" of her size. 

Her property has more than doubled in the last three years. 

Her monthly real estate transfers reach about a half million. 

Her bonds have sold at 105 ; at present 105^ is offered. 

She has more than one thousand houses in course of erection. 

She has splendid schools. 

She has fine churches. 

Roanoke's banks are in splendid condition and are growing 
stronger daily. Deposits trebled in twelve months ending end- 
ing November i, 1890. 

Roanoke's monthly real estate transfers, for 1890, average 
$1,472,172.50. 

Roanoke is nearly four miles in length. 

Roanoke manufactures her own iron at the rate of four hun- 
dred and fifty tons per day. 

She offers a fortune to truck farmers. 

She has a ready market for all farm products, as her people 
make money and live well. 

Roanoke has no vacant houses and cannot build them fast 
enough to equal the demand. 

Roanoke is a city of young men. 

Roanoke is the gateway to the South and Southwest. 

Roanoke has the "home" offices of the Norfolk and Western 
railroad system. 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 37 

Roanoke is " prosperous by purely American development." 

Roanoke has hundreds of wealthy citizens who reached her 
walls less than five years ago, poor but honest— cast ashore here 
by some chance wave of adversity. 

Roanoke is building eight splendid iron bridges. 

The Diamond Ice Company produces thirty tons of good ice 
per day. 

Roanoke's suburban residences are models of architecture. 

Roanoke has energy, capital, intelligence, prosperity, pro- 
gression, determination, confidence and success. 

Capital invested in Southern industries, in ten years, has 
increased two hundred and seven per cent. 

During the year 1890 2,499 niiles of railroads were biiilt in 
the South. 

In ten years, Southern school revenues have increased one 
hundred and sixty-four per cent. 

The South has 6,000 woodworking establishments ; her saw 
mills have a capacity of about 45,000,000 feet yearly. 

Southern coal output increased in the last ten years, three 
hundred and thirty-three percent., and pig iron, four hundred 
and eighty-one per cent. 

For the last half of 1890 the Southern production of pig 
iron was 1,000,000 tons net ; about forty thousand tons more 
than the first half of the year. 

Virginia's increase in the iron production was the largest in 
the United States in 1890, being o\ er fifteen hundred and eighty- 
five per cent, increase. 

In ten years she has passed from the seventeenth to the sixth 
State in the production of iron, and fifth in increase. 

Roanoke's banks had a deposit, January i, 1891, of $2,500,000. 

Roanoke has LESS contested and overdue paper in her banks 
than there in in any other banks of similar size and grade. 

Roanoke spent over $2,000,000 in building houses in 1890. 



j8 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

Roanoke's Land and Improvement Companies have an 
authorized capital stock of more than |8, 000,000. 

Assessed value of property in the South, 1890, 14,500,000,000, 
a gain of $270,000,000 over 1889, and a gain of 1 1,600, 000, 000 
over 1880. 

There are five hundred and ninety National Banks in the 
South with an aggregate capital of $90,763,705 — an increase 
during the 3'ear 1890 of 104 Banks and $10,935,000. 

Roanoke is in the midst of this grand industrial commotion, 
and is rapidly becoming the leading inland Southern city. 

Were all the furnaces in the United States to shut down to- 
day, the supply of iron on hand would last only twenty-one 
days. 

The population of the United States about doubles itself in 
twent}' years. This means an increase of two hundaed and 
twenty-five per cent, in the iron and steel consumption. 

The increase of exports at Southern ports was five times as 
great as the combined gains at all other United States ports, 
during 1890. 

This marvelous development develops more than "boom" 
towns — it builds large cities. 

Roanoke is one of these cities. 

Roanoke's scenery is picturesque and beautiful. Her mount- 
ains are aglow with an " orange-belted radiance," wooed by a 
Southern sun. 



A Syn&psis of Roanoke. 



39 



RAILROAD SCHEDULES. 

NORFOLK k WESTERN RAILROAD-WASHINGTON k MARYLAND Div. 



STATIONS. 



SOUTHBOUND. 



Lv. HAGERSTOWN ■ 

" St. James 

" Grimes 

" Antietam 

" Shepherdstown . . 

" Morgan's Grove . . 

• SHENANDOAH JC 

" Charlestown .... 

" Wheatland 

" Rippon 

" Gaylord 

" Berryville 

" Boyce 

" White Post 

" Ashby 

" Cedarville 

" Riverton 

" Front Royal .... 

" Manor . 

" Bentonville 

" Overall 

" RileyviUe 

" Elgin 

" LURAY 

'• Stanley 

" Ingham . ." 

" Grove Hill 

Ar. SHENANDOAH •• 
Lv. SHENANDOAH ■• 

Elkt.MX 

Port Republic . . . . 

GROTTOES 

Harriston 

Crimora 

BASIC 

Lyndhurst 

Lipscoml) 

Stuart's Draft . . . 

Greenville 

Lofton 

Vesuvius 

Mid vale 

Riverside 

BUENA VISTA - 

Loch Laird 

Thompson 

Buffalo Forge . . . . 
Glasgow 

NATURAL BRIDGE 

Arcadia 

Buchanan 

Lithia 

Nace 

Troutville 

Cloverdale 

Hollins 

Tinker Creek . . . 

Ar. ROANOKE 



No. 1. 

Daily. 



No. 3. 

Daily. 



6 
9 
14 
17 
i8 

23 
28 

33 
34 
36 
40 
46 
49 
53 
56 
59 

62 

66 
73 
76 
80 



96 
loz 
104 
107 
107 
113 
127 
129 
132 
137 
143 
148 

150 
153 
159 
163 
168 

175 
180 
185 
186 
189 
191 

19s 
199 
209 
214 
219 
225 
228 
232 
234 
236 
239 



11 


15 PM 


725 AM' 

7-39 " 
7.46 " 
7.58 " 


11 


48 ;; 


8.05 " 


12 


00 " 


8.21 " 


12 


"AM 


8.33 " 
8.43 " 
8.46 " 

8.51 " 


12 


37 " 


9.00 " 


12 


50 " 


9.12 " 


12 


57 :: 


9.20 " 1 
9-3° " 1 
9-37 " 


I 


19 " 


9-44 " ! 


I 


25 1' 


9.50 " 
10.00 " 


I 


49 II 


10.20 " 
10.26 " 
10.35 " 
10.51 " 


2 


20 " 


11.00 " 
11.17 " 

11.35 ;; 
11.39 


3 


00 " 


11.45 " 


3 


05 II 


11.50 " 

12-02 P M 

12-31 " 

II 12-55 " 

101 " 

1-14 " 


4 


14 II 


1-27 " 
1-38 " 
1-43 " 
1-49 " 
205 " 
215 " 
2-27 " 
2-42 " 
254 " 


5 


34 II 


307 " 
3-09 " 
315 " 
3-20 " 
3-32 " 


6 


04 " 


3-40 " 
403 " 


6 


36 II 


415 " 
4-28 " 
4-43 " 
4-50 " 
4-59 " 
503 " 
5-09 " 


7-35 " 


5-15 " 



No. 27. 

Daily. 



4 15PM 

4-28 
4-35 
4-47 
4-55 

511 
5-27 
5-38 
5-41 
5-46 
5-55 
608 
615 
624 
6-31 
6-38 
6-44 
6-54 
'7-10 
716 
7-25 
7-37 
7-45 
7-58 
814 
8-19 
8-25 



No. 29. 

Daily. 



5 00 AM 

5-12 
546 

5-52 

5-57 
6.10 
6.22 
6-34 
6:39 
6-45 
7.Q1 
7. II 
7.22 
7-35 
7-45 
7-55 
7-57 
8-04 
8.12 
8.20 
8.28 
8.49 
9.00 
9.10 
9.26 
9-34 
9-44 
9-47 
9-53 
10.00 



40 



A Syttopsis of Roanoke. 



RAILROAD SCHEDULES. 

NORFOLK k WESTERN RAILROAD-WASHINGTON k MARYLAND DIV. 



STATIONS. 
NORTHBOUND. 



Lv. ROANOKE .. 

" 1 inker Creek .... 3 

•' Holliiis ! 5 

" Cloverdale 7 

" Troutville 11 

" Nace 15 

" Lithia 20 

" Buchanan 23 

" Arcadia 30 

- NATURAL BRIDGE 4o 

" Glastjow 44 

" BulTalo Forge .... 

" Thompson 50 

" Loch Laird 53 

" BUENA VISTA 54 

" Riversitle 59 

'• Midvale 64 

" Vesuvius 71 

" Lofton 76 

" Greenville 79 

" Stuart's Draft ... 1 86 

" Lipscomb .... 

" Lyndhurst 91 

•' BASIC 96 

" Crimora j 102 

" Harristou 107 

" GROTTOES "o 

" Port RL-public . . . 112 

" ElktMii 126 

Ar. SHENANDOAH • •• 132 

Lv. SHENANDOAH ■ • 132 

•■ Grove Hill 135 

•' Ingham 137 

" Stanley 143 

" LURAY 150 

" Elgin 154 

" Rileyville 159 

" Overall [63 

" Bentonville 166 

" Manor 172 

" Front Royal .... 177 

" Riverton 

" Cedarville 182 

" Ashby . 186 

" White Post 190 

" Boyce 193 

" Berry viile 199 

" Gaylord 1 203 

" Rippon 205 

" Wheatland , 206 

" Charlestown .... I 210 

- SHENANDOAH JC. 216 

" ^lorgaii s trrove . . 221 

" Sheplierdstown . 

" Antietam : ^i:^ 

Grimes 230 

" St. fames 233 

Ar. HAGERSTOWN 239 




A Synopsis of Roanoke. 
NORFOLK & WESTERN RAILROAD. 



4r 



STATIONS. 



WESTWARD. 



\X 



Norfolk 

Suffolk 

Petersburg 

Petersburg 

Nottoway 

Crewe 

Burkeville 

High Bridge 

Farinville... 

Appoinattox. .. 
James Kiver Bd 

Lynchburg. 

Lynchburg 

Bellevue 

Bedford 

Blue Ridge 

Vinton 

Roanoke 

Roanoke.. 

Salem 

Christiansburg. 

Radford 

. Radford 

New River 

Pulaski 

Max Meadows 

Wytheville I 

Glade Spring i 

Abingdon i 

, Bristol I 




23 

SI 

81 
124 
129 

\m 

145 
150 
181 
li)9 
204 
204 
220 
229 
24ti 
255 
257 
257 
204 
290 
301 
301 
303 
316 
329 
337 
3H0 
394 
408 



No. 1. 
Daily. 



No. 3. 
Daily. 



No. 21. 
Daily. 



10 40 " 

12 30 A. M 

12 40 " 

2 15 " 

2 35 " 

2 45 " 



9 15 " I 

10 55 " 

11 05 " 

12 20 P. M. 
12 35 " 

12 45 " 



32 
t) 00 



3 22 

4 24 

'5'20' 

5 40 

6 02 
6 20 

6 57 

7 17 
7 25 

7 50 

8 0(5 

9 04 
9 30 
9 37 



1 IS 

2 IS 

2 57 

3 10 

3 30 

4 02 
4 IS 
4 54 



10 09 
10 36 
10 52 
12 22 
12 47 
1 15 



P. M 



5 20 
5 40 
5 55 
fi 57 

7 2" 

7 25 

7 31 

! 8 00 

1 8 2ti 

i 8 44 

10 25 
110 .?2 

11 20 



No. 11. 
Daily. 



10 GO P. M. 8 35 A. M.l 4 00 P. M. 



8 10 A. M- 

' 8 42 " 

8 59 " 

9 35 " 
! 9 53 " 

110 00 " 

10 10 " 
ilO 20 " 
,11 29 " 

111 50 " 

11 58 " 

12 05 P. M. 
12 32 " 
12 59 " 

1 35 '• 

3 09 " 

3 38 " 

4 10 " 



The through Express, Solid Train between Norfolk and Richmond, 
arrive Richmond Daily 45 p. m. 



A PRIZE 1011 llOANOKE. 



While this little work was in press we learned that through 
the untiring efforts of Congressman Paul Edmunds and Post- 
master Asberr3^ Congress passed a bill granting 175,000 to 
Roanoke for a public building, which no doubt will be incceased 
to $150,000 before the building is completed. 



42 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 



NORFOLK & WESTERN RAILROAD. 



STATIONS. 





EASTWARD. 


Lv 


Bristol 


*' 


Abingdon 


i( 


Glade Spring 


" 


Wytheviile 


<( 


Max Meadows.... 


(i 


Pulaski 


t( 


New River 


Ar. 


Radford 


Lv 


Radford 


ti 


Christ iansburg.... 


(i 


Salem 


Ar 


Roanoke 


Lv 


Roanoke 


(< 


Vinton 


Ik 


Blue Ridge 


(t 


Bedford 


t( 


Bellevue 


Ar. Lynchburg 


Lv. Lynchburg 


t( 


James River Bdg 


(( 


Appomattox ... 


i( 


Farmville 


(( 


High Bridge 


(1 


Burkeville 


(. 


Crewe 


>( 


Nottoway 


Ar 


Pfitfirsburff 


JjV Pptftrshnrff 


<( 


Suffolk 


Ar. Norfolk 



W , No. 2. 
H Daily. 




15 

28 
71 
79 
92 
105 
107 
107 
118 
144 
151 
151 
158 
162 
179 
189 
204 
204 
210 
227 
259 
268 
275 
279 
284 
327 
827 
385 
408 



12 40 A. M, 

I 1 13 " 
i 1 42 " 
1 3 16 " 

3 83 " 

4 02 " 



4 85 

4 40 

5 01 

5 59 

6 15 
6 20 



i 6 52 " 

! 7 28 " 

7 40 " 

8 10 " 
8 40 " 

I 8 52 " 

! 9 23 " 

10 18 " 



No. 4. 
Daily. 



5 55 P. M, 

6 27 " 
6 55 " 
8 29 " 

8 47 ■ " 

9 15 " 
9 42 " 
9 48 " 
9 55 " 

10 25 " 

a 28 " 

a 40 " 

a 45 " 



12 11 A. M 
12 45 " 

1 01 " 
1 80 " 
1 45 " 



ilO 47 " 

a 05 " 

11 16 " 

12 50 P. M. 
1 00 " 

, 2 45 "' 
I 3 80 " 



2 30 

3 22 



No. 22. 
Daily. 



9 47 
11 13 
11 47 



No. 12. 
Daily. 



9 85 A. M 
10 10 
10 42 
12 19 P. 
12 85 



20 
46 
52 
00 
20 
8 17 
3 85 

3 40 
8 48 

4 07 
4 42 

4 59 

5 80 



M. 



The through Express, Solid Train between Richmond and Norfolk, 
leave Richmond 9.05 a. m. Dailj". 

NoTK.— Trainsstop only where time is given. 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 
RICHMOND & DANVILLE RAILROAD. 

VIRGINIA MIDLAND DIVISION. 
SOUTHWARD. 



43 



STATIONS. 


Mis. 


No. 15. No. 37.* 
Daily. Daily. 


No. 11. 
Daily. 


No. 13. 
Daily. 


No. 9. 
Daily. 


Lv, Washington.. 
" Alexandria.... 
" Ravensvvorth 


""7"' 
17 
19 
23 
26 
32 
36 
46 


U 10 p m 
11 33 " 


11 10 a m 
11 33 " 


11 20 p m 
11 43 " 


4 35 p m 

5 02 " 
5 27 " 
5 32 " 
5 40 " 

5 50 " 

6 02 " 
6 15 " 
6 43 " 


8 30 a m 

8 55 " 

9 17 " 


" Burke's 






9 23 " 


" Fairfax 






9 32 " 


" Clifton 






9 41 " 


" Manassas 


12 22 a m 




12 35 a m 


9 53 " 


" Bristoe 




10 03 " 


Ar. Calverton 


12 43 am 




10 22 " 


Lv. Calvertou 








6 50 pm 

7 25 " 
5 15 p m 
5 .50 " 


10 25 a m 


" Warrenton 


55 









11 00 " 








Lv. Warrenton....! 




7 45 a m 


Ar. Calverton 






8 20 " 


Lv. Calverton 

'' Midland 


46 
50 
67 
79 
84 


12 43 am 




6 43 pm 

6 52 " 

7 28 " 

7 55 " 

8 07 " 


10 22 a m 

10 30 " 


" Culpeper 

" Rapidan 


1 19 am 
1 47 a m 






11 00 " 








11 25 " 


Ar. Orange 


11 38 " 


Ar. Madison 


88 
94 








8 30 pm 
8 45 " 
8 07 pm 

8 32 " 

9 10 " 
9 15 " 
9 50 '• 

10 39 " 

11 30 " 


12 01pm 
12 15 " 


*' Gordonsville. 
















Lv. Orange 


84 
95 
113 
113 
128 
150 
172 
172 
199 
211 
238 


1 47 a ra 






11 38 a m 


" Barboursville 






12 10 pm 
12 50 " 
12 55 " 


Ar. Charlotiesv'e 
Lv. Charlottesv'e 


2 40 " 


2 45 pm 

2 50 " 


2 55 a m 

3 00 " 


" Covesville 




1 27 " 


" Tye River 

Ar. Lynchburg.... 
Lv. Lynchburg ... 






2 18 " 




4 50pm 
4 55 " 


5 35 a m 
5 40 " 


3 00 " 
3 15 " 




" Staunt'nRv'r 








" Fr'nkliu J'nc 




7 13 a m 
S 25 " 




4 45 " 


Ar. Danville 




7 15 a m 




5 55 " 











"Washington and South-western Vestibuled Limited. This train 
being composed entirely of Pullman cars, an extra rate of fare is 
charged 



44 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 



RICHMOND & DANVILLE RAILROAD, 

VIRGINIA MIDLAND DIVISION. 
NuRTHWARD. 



STATIONS. 
Lv. Danville 


Mis. 

■■27"' 

39 

66 

66 

88 
110 
125 
125 
142 
153 


No. 10. 
Daily. 

10 22 a m 


No. 38. 
Daily. 

11 15 Dm 


No. 12. 
Daily: 

12 45 a m 

1 48 " 

2 17 " 

3 20 " 

3 25 " 

4 12 " 

5 00 " 
5 35 " 

5 40 " 

6 17 " 
6 40 " 

6 00 a m 
6 lb " 
6 40 a m 

6 53 " 

7 40 " 

8 17 " 
8 25 " 

10 25 a m 

10 37 " 

11 00 " 

7 45 a m 

8 20 " 

8 25 am 
8 45 " 

8 55 •' 

9 07 " 
9 17 " 
9 26 " 
9 31 " 

10 00 " 
10 25 " 


No. 16. 
Daily. 


No. 14. 
Daily. 


" Fr'iiklin J'uc 


11 24 " 

11 50 " 

12 55 p m 1 30 a ni 
1 00 " 1 35 " 






" Htaunt'n Rv'r 






Ar. Lj'iieliburi?.... 






Lv. Lynclibui'g ... 




8 30 a m 


" Tve Kiv^r 


1 44 " 

2 33 " 

3 10 " 







9 15 " 


" Covesville 

Ar. Charlottes v'e 


'3'26a m 


9 59 " 
10 30 " 


Lv. i^hariotte.sv'e 

" Barboursville 

Ar. Orange 


3 30 " 

4 07 " 
4 30 " 


3 25 " 


11 05 a m 


10 35 " 

11 12 " 
11 35 " 


Lv. Gordonsville 
" Madison........ 


1 3 50 pm 

4 05 " 




10 30 a m 
10 45 " 


Lv. Orange 

" Rapidan 


153 
159 
171 

188 
192 


4 30 pm 

4 43 " 

5 10 " 
5 47 " 
5 55 " 




11 38 a m 

11 48 '• 


" Culpeper 

" Midland 




12 10 " 






12 38 " 


Ar. Calverton 






12 46 " 






, 




Lv. Calverton 




6 50 p ni 

7 02 " 
7 25 " 

5 15 p m 
5 50 '• 




1 15 pm 

1 27 " 


Ar. Casanova 


195 
201 






" Warren ton ... 




1 50 " 


Lv. Warren ton ... 








12 05 p m 
12 40 " 


Ar. Calverton 




■—■"—■— 


Lv. Calverton.. .. 


192 
202 
20(1 
211 
215 
218 
221 
231 
238 


5 55 p m 

6 L5 " 
6 25 " 

6 38 " 
6 48 " 

6 55 " 

7 01 *' 
7 25 " 
7 50 " 




12 46 pm 

1 10 " 


" Bristoe 




i 36 pm 


" Manassas 


1 46 " 


" Clifton 




1 56 " 


" Fairfax 






2 06 " 


" Burke's 






2 12 " 


" Ravensworth 






2 18 " 


Ar. Alexandria ... 


2 25 p m 

2 48 " 


2 42 " 


" Washington.. 


6 53 am 


3 05 " 



Washington and South-western Vestibuled. Limited. This tra 
being composed entirely of 'Pullman cars, an extra rate of fare 
charged. 



/CHESAPEAKE AND OHIO KAILWAY COMPANY. 



L 



8 40 A. M. 
11 00 A. M. 

3 20 P. M. 



SCHEDULE IN EFFE^CT JANUARY 1, 1891. 

LEAVE RICHMOND. 

Daily for Old Point and Norfolk, Pullman Sleeping C 
Hi 11 ton to Old Point. 

Express daily for Cincinnati, Chair Car, Old Point 
Charlottesville, Pullnjan Sleeper Charlottesville to Ci 
cinnatti. 

Express daily for Old Point and Norfolk. Chair C 
Charlottesville to Old Point. 



to 
n- 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 



45 



4 30 P. M. Accommodation, except Sunday, for Charlottesville. 
10 30 P. M. TheF. F. V. Limited Daily. Pullman Sleeping Car Old 
Point to Hinton. Solid Vestibule irain with Dining Car 
and Pullmans, Chariottesville to Cincinnati and Pull- 
man (o Louisville. 
() 00 A. M. Local freight, except Sunday, for Charlottesville. 

TRAINS ARRIVE AT RICHMOND. 

8 20 A. M. and 2 iio P. M. daily from Cincinnati. 
7 45 P. M. Daily except Sunday, fi'om Clifton Forge. 
10 oO A. M. and 45 P. M. daily from Norfolk. 
Station :— Broad street near Seventeenth. 



JAMES RIVER DIVISION. 
(Richmond and Alleghany Railroad.) 

LEAVE RICHMOND. 

9 00 A. M. Daily for Lynchburg. Lexington and Clifton Forge. 

4 30 P. M. Except Sunday for Lynchburg, connecting with a train 

leaving Lynchburg at H A. M. daily for Lexington and 

Clifton Forge, Sleeping Car attached. 

TRAINS ARRIVE AT RICHMOND. 

6 30 P. M. Daily from Clifton Forge. 

8 20 A. M. Except Sunday from Clifton Forge, Lexington and 

Lynchburg. 
Station :— Eighth and Canal streets. 

H. W. FULLER, 
G. W. STEVENS, General Passenger Agent. 
General Superintendent. 



Nelson acJ Myers, 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 



Roanoke, Va. 



oooocoooo 



For fanners, builders, housekeepers, paint- 
ers, blacksmiths, carriage and harness makers. 

ORDERS BY MAIL SOLICITED. 

Prices and information promptly and cheer- 
fully furnished. 



46 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

HOTEL ROANOKE 

ROANOKE, VA. 



o 0.0 o o 0000 ooooooocooo 



Lately Iroprov^Bd and Beautifully Purnislied 



9^ 00 00 0000 00 cooo oooo 

This hotel, modeled on the beautiful Queen Anne 
style of architecture, is located on a high ridge in the 
ver}^ heart of the city, commanding a magnificent view 
of the "Eternal hills " — vine-clad and forest- crowned, 
and is decidedly the besthotel in Roanoke. The cuisine 
department is second to none. The servants are well 
trained and attentive. Sample rooms are furnished 
to commercial men. All charges and rates are rea- 
sonable. The beautiful grounds surrounding it and 
splendid location make it one of the most desirable re- 
sorts of Virginia. 

Fred. E. Foster. 

MANAGER. 



■^^^r 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. ^y 



H S iLVKRT H ORN 

^i^ I 912 MAIN STREET, LYNCHBURG, VA. 



8 SALEM AVENUE, ROANOKE, VA. 

V/ATCHES, 

DIAMONDS, 
JEWELRY, 



I 
L 

V 

^_^ 6<Sllvcrware ^ Art Good8>o 
1 

y y Repairing and adjusting 

.^ ; FINE WATCHES AND CHRONOMETERS 

a Specialty. 

JlV j H. SILVERTHORN. 

IVT I L. B. H IFF, Manager. 

! 8 Salem Ave. Roanoke, Va. 



48 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

HOTEL ronCE DE LEOH 

ROANOKE, VA. 



This magnificent six-story hostlery, containing 130 rooms, 
stands at the corner of Commerce and Campbell streets, just 
completed at a cost of $245,000. Its frontage of plate glass 
windows, its beautiful architectural design, its wealth of tropi- 
cal plants, its elegant furniture, which is not surpassed by any 
hotel in the United States, and its superb apartments, make it 
the most attractive and desirable hotel in the state. The view 
of the surrounding mountains is the delight of the tourist, j 
The cuisine department contains the best that can be had. 
The attention paid to guests is not equaled by any other hotel 
in Virginia. There are all the comforts that can be offered to 
the public — such as bath rooms, reading room, barber shop, * 
elevator, toilets, billiard room, and well trained and polite at- „ 
tendants, etc. The location is in the very center of the city, 
which, with the superb sample rooms, make it the best com- 
mercial Louse in Roanoke. Terms are very reasonable. Pas- 
engers are conveyed to and from every train. 

C. G. Smith is owner and proprietor of this handsome and 
luxuriously furnished house, of which Hon. John Wanamaker 
said : "It was the handsomest upholstering that my house ever 
furnished for any hotel." Private bathrooms and toilets com- 
municating with each suite of rooms. a 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 4g 

134 Salem Avenue, Roanoke. Va. 134 

' sniDER k nncDnin • 

Are the Leading Wholesale and Retail Dry 
Goods Firm of Southwest Virginia. 

We win cnstoni by Advertising ; 

We hold it by Fair Dealing. 

We carry a large stock, and buying in such large quantities 
we are able to compete with any firm in price or 
quality. We ask you to call and examine our stock, 
and if we cannot sell you goods, we will have adver- 
tised ourselves and gained your good will. You will 
save money by dealing with Snyder & MacBain, 

agents for P. Centemeri & Co.'s kid gloves 

and Butterick Patterns, Our goods are first class and 
are just as we represent them to be. 

134 Salem Avenue, Roanoke, Va. 134 



50 



A Synopsis of Roanoke. 

Budwell Kferistian & Barbee 



ROANOKE, VA. 



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lOl JEFFERSON STREET. 

Physicians Supplies a Specialty. 

Mail orders receive Prompt Attention. 

We guarantee as low prices for the same 
grade of goods as can be had 

in any city in the State. 

YOUR PATRONAGE SOLICITED. 









ROANOKE 






THE BELL PRINTING & MFG. CO., ROANOKE, VA, 



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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




014 415 467 8 



